Leggi razziali mussolini biography

A series of laws promulgated by the government of Benito Mussolini in Fascist Italy from 1938 to 1944 in order to enforce racial discrimination and segregation.
Leggi Razziali), adalah serangkaian peraturan yang diumumkan oleh pemerintahan Benito Mussolini di Italia Fasis dari tahun 1938 hingga 1944 untuk menegakkan.
From 1938 to 1943, the Italian government, led by Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini, imposed a series of laws that excluded Jews from the country's schools.

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Mussolini’s Concentration Camps for Civilians

With this book, Luigi Reale presents to the Anglo-Saxon public an aspect of Italian history almost unknown at an international level and too often filtered through stereotyped images of Italians during the War and of the alleged softness of Fascist Regime. Already from the cover, the author makes the aim of the book very clear, infact, above the title Mussolini's Concentration Camps for Cvilians, there is the picture of two Italian women inside Mauthausen nazi lager. In the introduction, the author asks himself, in a rhetorical way, how little we know about the Fascist concentration camps and how little Italians themselves still know about Mussolin’s apparatus of repression against civilian or military populations, or individuals persecuted for reasons of race. To this end, Reale doesn’t hesitate to suggest the responsibility of Italian historians, which, for too long, have presented – and published in the textbooks – Fascist racism as a “diluted” and gentle form of the racist and anti-Semitic politics adopted in Germany,

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Rutgers Law Prof’s New Book Delivers Comprehensive Legal Examination of Mussolini’s Race Laws

Michael Livingstone,
The Fascists and the Jews of Italy: Mussolini’s Race Laws, 1938-1943
Cambridge University Press

While scholars continue to uncover the infinite implications of the Holocaust, a comprehensive legal examination of the anti-Semitic laws born in Mussolini’s Italy, predating the German occupation, had yet to be completed. Rutgers Law–Camden Professor Michael Livingston taught himself Italian to better understand these laws that forever changed Italy’s once thriving Jewish community, whose history dates back more than 2,000 years.

With the support of a fellowship from the U.S. Holocaust Museum, Livingston researched mountains of documents for a decade-long investigation into the pervasiveness of Mussolini’s Race Laws.

In December, his book The Fascists and the Jews of Italy: Mussolini’s Race Laws, 1938-1943 will be published by Cambridge University Press, offering for the first time in the 70 years since Fascism’s end, a comprehensive English-language survey of

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Anti-Jewish Legislation and Persecution of the Jews in Western Nazi Occupied Europe: some examples - The Persecution of the Italian Jews under Fascist rule

With the introduction of the Leggi razziali (Racial Laws) in autumn 1938, Italian Jews were deprived of their livelihoods and their right to public education. Among many other restrictions and discriminations that prevented them from fully integrating into the collective life of the country, they were no longer allowed to marry non-Jews, to serve in the armed forces, or to employ non-Jewish employees. Entire families were suddenly faced with the total collapse of their livelihoods. (Levi F., 2000). For the first time in Italian history, Jews were defined in racial terms rather than religious ones (children of Jewish parents were automatically defined as “of Jewish race” regardless of the professed religion).

One of the main features of the Italian legal framework was that this legislation was adopted by a country which had never been characterized by open or by violent physical or oral acts targeting Jews. This holds true